| 車いすシート高さに関する生体力学的研究 | 奥本泰久，石川 翔 |
| 軽いTime Pressureを与えたVDT入力作業時の疲労の評価 | 八谷百合子、大貝晴俊、岡崎浩子、藤﨑丈詞、内田和彦、織田 進、泉 博之、森 晃爾 |
| 家庭から仕事へのネガティブ・スピルオーバー尺度は看護師の健康状態まで正しく評価するか？ | 山田泰行、水野基樹、広沢正孝、小泉智恵、酒井一博 |
| 沐浴時における熟練助産師の児頭固定と手の接触圧に関する研究 | 今田葉子、室田卓志、松岡敏生、斎藤 真、村本淳子、山路由実子 |
Recently various types of wheelchairs are utilized due to the present welfare and aging society, and this tendency is accelerating in modern countries. Though the seat height of wheelchairs is generally 43cm, that of low height is spreading now for the purpose of rehabilitation exercise of a foot. In this case, the body burden of a wheelchair user increases when standing up and sitting down on the sheet, and then it can be said that the wheelchair of low seat is not always good. In this study, the biomechanical analysis on the physical burden when standing up from the wheelchair was carried out for the person who have handicapped leg as well as healthy leg, and the optimum seat height for the wheelchair user was proposed. In addition, the height of the arm support of wheelchairs was examined. The analyses were based on the computer simulation of biomechanics, the electromyography measurements, and questionnaire of the feeling. The results showed that the higher seat is desired when standing up from the seat and adjustable mechanism of seat height is also preferable.
Recently, information technology advanced rapidly. Therefore, working time and quantity of VDT increased. Workers appealing for psychic physical fatigue with it increase. Such inside, VDT instrument was developed. And work environment of VDT improved. Therefore, there is a little situation to give a worker high physical load. For that reason, region of VDT operation became long. In addition, Workers has limitation of time and always receives Time Pressure. Purpose of this study examines whether light loaded long VDT operation has an influence on a worker. An experiment had 11 subjects. As for the experiment were standard VDT operation and light loaded long VDT operation. Loaded VDT operation gave mild Time Pressure to subjects. A measurement item were amount of work, a mistake number, subjective symptom, heart rate, respiratory rate, surface skin temperature (forehead and apex nasi). Two-factor ANOVA was used for analysis. The result of amount of work and mistake number was confirmed that light loaded long VDT operation was gave mild Time Pressure. Subjective symptom had not significant difference of standard and light loaded long VDT. However, the forehead surface skin temperature, the apex nasi surface skin temperature and the heart rate had significant difference. Especially, forehead surface skin temperature rose in light loaded VDT work. When VDT operation with light loaded Time Pressure is long, subjective symptom of fatigue does not appear. However, it may give center system some influence. It is guessed that VDT operation is related to fatigue. It is important for limiting work time.
Although family to work negative spillover (F-W-NSP) has been considered negative concept theoretically, some conventional studies reported a positive correlation between F-W-NSP and good health condition. What does this correlation mean? We supposed that it was spurious correlation which brought by some confounding variables. Then, this study examined the spurious positive correlation between F-W-NSP score and good health condition in Japanese nurses. The questionnaire investigation was carried out in 2004. Participants were married Japanese women in twenties and thirties. The total number of valid respondents was 670. As the results, “supportive climate at work” was confirmed as confounding variable and spurious correlation was proved. Namely, high score of F-W-NSP reflects nurses in good health condition who work in “supportive climate at work.” Therefore, F-W-NSP scale did not reflect Japanese nurses’ bad health condition. Furthermore, it did not reflect good health condition directly.
This study focused on basic research for establishing a method of teaching bathing techniques to beginners. By analyzing the palm contact pressure of a midwife supporting the head of a newborn baby, this study aimed to clarify how an experienced person uses their hands. The subjects were five right-handed qualified midwives aged 34 to 46 years with 5 years or longer of continuous experience in bathing newborns. To evaluate the contact between the subject and the bathing doll, a sheet-type body pressure distribution measurement system (BIG-MAT2000 by Nitta Corp.) was used. The subject held the bathing doll in both hands at the bosom and placed the bathing doll into the bathtub using the left hand only. These actions were classified into the double-hand holding and single-hand holding patterns. Each action was measured for 6 seconds five times in a row. Of these measurements, two measurement results for each subject that were comparatively free from noise were adopted as measurement data. Pressure distribution on the entire palm at bathing indicated three-point support in both the double-hand holding and single-hand holding patterns, as reported in an earlier study. This study suggested that beginners could master the technique of correct bathing regardless of holding style or degree of immersion, as experienced midwives do, if they could maintain fixed pressure to preserve balance.
